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Estimating the Net Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol AgEcon
Shapouri, Hosein; Duffield, James A.; Graboski, Michael S..
Studies conducted since the late 1970's have estimated the net energy value of corn ethanol. However, variations in data and assumptions used among the studies have resulted in a wide range of estimates. This study identifies the factors causing this wide variation and develops a more consistent estimate. We conclude that the net energy value of corn ethanol has become positive in recent years due to technological advances in ethanol conversion and increased efficiency in farm production. We show that corn ethanol is energy efficient as indicated by an energy ratio of 1.24.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Net energy balance; Corn production; Energy security; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34005
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Novel observations underlying the fast growth of suspension-feeding shellfish in turbid environments: Mytilus edulis ArchiMer
Hawkins, Ajs; Smith, Rfm; Bayne, Bl; Heral, Maurice.
For the tirst time for any benthic filter-feeder, this study documents each component process of nutrient acquisition through natural tidal variations of food availabillty. The organic content of seston available during both neap and spring tides in the bay of Marennes-Oléron. France, decreased from 28 to 8 % with mcreasing seston concentration from 10 to about 90 mg total particulate mass 1(1). Throughout this tidal variation, the blue mussel Mylilus edulis L. cleared more water of particles as seston availability increased. Rejection of fillered material as pseudofaeces prior to ingestion remained a constant fraction of about 0 .93 x the mass of filtered material, so that ingestion rate showed no signs of stabilising at even the highest food...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Seston composition; Tidal variation; Mussel; Mytilus edulis; Feeding behaviour; Selection efficiency; Absorption efficiency; Net energy balance.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00040/15080/12419.pdf
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The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update AgEcon
Shapouri, Hosein; Duffield, James A.; Wang, Michael Q..
Studies conducted since the late 1970s have estimated the net energy value (NEV) of corn ethanol. However, variations in data and assumptions used among the studies have resulted in a wide range of estimates. This study identifies the factors causing this wide variation and develops a more consistent estimate. We conclude that the NEV of corn ethanol has been rising over time due to technological advances in ethanol conversion and increased efficiency in farm production. We show that corn ethanol is energy efficient as indicated by an energy output:input ratio of 1.34.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Net energy balance; Corn production; Energy; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34075
Registros recuperados: 3
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